I went to a fascinating lecture on Wednesday evening held at the University of Hertfordshire in Hatfield & run by a group called 'Herts at War.' They promote history and research into Hertfordshire's part in the Great War. Tonight historian Peter Barton was to talk about the Somme. I blogged awhile ago about his brilliant BBC documentary series called 'The Somme from both sides of the wire' this talk went into more depth than he was allowed to in the documentary and was really interesting.
For a hundred years the only accounts of the Battle of the Somme indeed most of the war have been from the allied side but there was German records, these records have never seen the light of day before now & what an account they give!
Did they know we were coming? Yes they bloody did! They listened into the many phone conversation's from the front line back to brigade & division HQ's. The Germans couldn't believe how many unencrypted phone conversation's there were. The only fact the Germans didn't know was exactly when the attack would take place........then there's the interrogation of prisoners, though to be honest 'interrogation' is the wrong word.It sounds aggressive, in the Great War the German form of interrogation was anything but brutal, it was making prisoners feel at ease and having a chat. British officer prisoners were walked through a section of Germans employed in drawing up to date trench maps, accidently on propose letting the officers see what they were doing. These maps were very accurate, so making the officers think-well they know everything! what difference would it make telling them the little I know?
There are published accounts of being POW's in the Great War written by officers after the war who more or less start their account with- well of course I only told them my name ,rank and number...........a hundred years later the verbatim German accounts of their interrogations tell a different story.
I was quite shocked to see one German record of the battle order of the British for the Somme, noted on it was my own grandfathers division, brigade and battalion of the Middlesex Regiment he served in!
Barton told us these records have hardly, if at all been touched since the day they were placed in the record repositories across Germany after the Great War, in his fifteen years of researching these records he has only come across one other person interested in WW1,most historians are still fixated with the Germans of WW2.
Perhaps the most shocking facts he has come across is the British treatment of German prisoners accounts taken from Germans who had escaped back to their own lines. Accounts of robbing German prisoners of their personal belongings & a dreadful account of a British soldier lining up five German prisoners, putting a bullet into the first & seeing it kill all five. The only other account of such barbarity I have read is of a Nazi officer doing similar to Jewish prisoners. Surely the British don't do this? We 'play the game' don't we? These meticulous German records seem to tell otherwise. This does make it sound like Barton was taking an anti British stance, far from it, he was the first to recognise & salute the bravery of British & Commonwealth troops alike but there are always two sides to war, at least!
The part of the agust BBC is interesting. They commissioned Peter Barton to make this series, first called 'The Somme from the other side of the wire' not 'both sides,' to be screened around the centenary of the battle. He told them the kind of records he'd uncovered & to begin with they were very gung ho about bringing these fact to light but as the anniversary got nearer they started back peddling. First the name change then you can't say this, or that, he told us it got to the point of single words being edited out. The word 'traitor' was not allowed even though it appeared in a British order about what to say if captured and to give information would make that soldier a traitor. There was supposed to be a book to go with the series but Barton refused to write it as the account therein would be too different to what he was allowed to say on TV. The BBC weren't best pleased with him but good for him to sticking to his guns! The BBC allowed quite a sanitised account of these incredible records, Peter Barton's lecture was warts and all. The Germans didn't think much of the leadership and soldiering qualities of the Australians for instance, Barton tells us this didn't go down too well in his lectures in Australia!
The things he has unearthed have challenged our view of not just the Battle of the Somme as these records cover the whole war but before we can really understand the full picture we need both sides accounts don't we? To get a balanced view, after all it has always been the victors who write the history books, Barton predicts it will be many many years before much of the German archive is properly understood and even longer before it is digitised, there is just no funding for any such project. He says himself that after all his research he is only slightly less ignorant now than before he started.
This lecture was a real eye opener & has I believe turned history on its head.
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